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Republic of Madagascar

Republic of Madagascar and the Republic "Mlajah" one lying in the Indian Ocean south of the East African islands, the largest islands of the world and the fourth, with many natural resources and is in agriculture, which employs a broad sector of the population of the island, comes rice in Madagascar crop head, in addition to coffee and sugar cane, bananas, etc., and lush pastures, which depends on the savannah in the coastal plains, mountain slopes, and mineral resources in the lead, gold and phosphate.

Location

Madagascar, an island located in the southeastern part of the continent of Africa, surrounded by the Indian Ocean, on the east side of State of Mozambique, separated by the Mozambique Channel.

General information on Madagascar

Area: 587.040 km 2

Population: 20,042,552 inhabitants.

Capital: Antananarivo

Language: English, French, ariary

Currency: Alriara which replaced the franc Almlajashi

Religion: indigenous beliefs 52%, Christian 41%, Muslim 7%.

Surface manifestations

Republic of Madagascar made up of one big island, and a number of small islands and a peninsula along the north-south approximately one thousand five hundred kilometers, and the largest width between the East and the West, up to five hundred and eighty kilometers, and diverse plant life on the island depending on the climate and natural conditions.

Divided aspects of the surface in Madagascar to both: the east coast, a narrow coastal strip abuts the steep slopes of a series of north-south mountains and boasts rainforests and the Central Highlands, which is decorated with rice paddies vast forests, spread the central savannah and steppes in the region, with some forests, while the West Coast she can do forests, and less grass plant in the southwestern parts that dominated the desert climate and grow the dry grass.

And begin the land of Madagascar marshes sand in the western coasts, and easy runs the length of the island from north to south capacity in the center and south and narrows in the north, and eastward across the island rises easy to reach the slopes of the plateau, with a plateau maximum height in the north and the south, strongly and descend towards the coastal plains east.

The Mount Maromokotro summit of the highest elevations in Madagascar, which reaches a height of 2876 meters above sea level.

Madagascar and exposed throughout the year to about three or four hurricanes, leading to an ongoing flooding, as the island is also exposed to droughts.

the climate

Madagascar's tropical climate prevails along the coast moderate at home and dry in the south, although they occur in the tropics, but the position of the Indian Ocean has worked to improve their conditions and climate.

The temperatures in Alsholalssahelah to 27 degrees Celsius on average per year in the north, 23 degrees Fayaljnob while less heat above the highs, falling rains in the summer.

Madagascar republican system of government headed by President of the Republic of state is elected by popular vote for a five-year term, it is possible to re-election for a second term, the president appoints the prime minister, who in turn appoint the Cabinet.

The legislature consists of two chambers, "the National Assembly" and elect its members in a direct popular election and term of office of four years, and "Senate" The members of the regional councils, two-thirds of their seats of 100 seats, while the president appoints the remaining third organic and duration of the four-year term as well.

The highest judicial authority in the state Supreme Court, the Supreme Constitutional Court.

It is the existing political parties in Madagascar Madagascar neighborhoods Association, the Democratic Party of the Union in Madagascar, the National Union and others.

brief history

It separated Madagascar from Africa about 160 million years ago and formed the island of Madagascar following the separation from India for nearly 80 to 100 million years ago, according to archaeologists began human settlement on the island in the period between 200 to 500 BC, where he began the influx of sailors them from Southeast Asia, or South Africa by crossing the Mozambique channel.

The shape of Madagascar's population from a mixture of Asians and Africans, Vetoalfd by residents of Malay and Indonesia, and the Negroes of the Bantu, and mingled with Arabs coming from the Comoros Islands, in addition to Arab migrations, such as the tribe antemoro people, concentrated African communities on the coast, and Asian in the center and south.

During the seventh century commercial flights between Muslim Arabs and residents of the island of Madagascar and so began along the northwest coast, and the island's leaders and their leaders to communicate and trade with neighboring Indian Ocean state.

Europeans discovered the island in 1500 by seas Diego Dias, when separated from his ship bound for the fleet to India and saw the island, and then flowed into the commercial flight from Portugal, Portugal and tried to impose its control on the island, but were unable to do so.

As well as Britain sought and attempted annexation to the Mauritius Islands, but failed, then the delegation by the French after that and became a French colony in 1896, after it had been an independent kingdom, but it gained independence again in the June 26, 1960, and named it "Mlajah" after independence due this name to the island's largest tribes.

Cities and tourism

The island of Madagascar has a charming nature surrounded by yellow sand beaches along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, followed by inward green spaces and forests and vast trees and plants, a variety of rare inhabited by many rare animals also it is said that 80% of the animals in Madagascar are not found in any other country in the world , which are accepted by researchers and zoologists to conduct studies on them, and come animals "lemur" on top of these rare animals, which is famous for its Madagascar existence where a species of long monkeys tail, in addition to the influx of tourists from the amateur nature and wildlife.

Madagascar There are many beautiful cities including Berent is located at a distance of 26 kilometers from Moramanja, located by one of the most famous national parks, and includes many rare animals, including monkeys Alandara the largest species of lemurs.

Moramanja and includes the city of the country, the Museum of the police, and the area is between Moramanja and Lake Olautera key area for rice farms, famous for Antsirabe area to extract gems.